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Diet and overall survival in a cohort of very elderly people. Fortes C, Forastiere F, Farchi S, Rapiti E, Pastori G, Perucci CA.
Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Authority, Rome, Italy.
We conducted a 5-year cohort study among 162 self-sufficient residents in a public home for the elderly in Rome, Italy, to evaluate the association between the consumption of specific food groups and nutrients and overall 5-year survival. We used a validated, semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire to assess diet at baseline. Individuals consuming citrus fruit at least twice a week had an adjusted risk of dying that was half that of individuals who consumed citrus fruit less than once a week [relative risk (RR) = 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28-0.95] (with adjustment for gender, age, education, body mass index, smoking status, cognitive function, and chronic diseases). The adjusted RRs of mortality were 0.38 (95% CI = 0.14-1.01) for consumption of milk and yogurt at least three times a week vs less than once a week; 0.21 (95% CI = 0.08-0.35) for moderate consumption of espresso coffee (1-2 cups weekly) vs less than once a week; and 0.35 (95% CI = 0.17-0.69) for > 2 cups a week of espresso coffee vs less than once a week. High levels of intake of ascorbic acid, riboflavin, and linoleic acid were associated with 50-60% decreases in mortality risk. High consumption of meat was associated with a higher risk of mortality (RR = 9.72; 95% CI = 2.68-35.1) among subjects with chronic diseases. Our findings indicate that frequent consumption of citrus fruit, milk, and yogurt; low consumption of meat; and high intake of vitamin C, riboflavin, and linoleic acid are associated with longevity.
> Diet and overall survival in a cohort of very elderly people. > Fortes C, Forastiere F, Farchi S, Rapiti E, Pastori G, Perucci CA.
> Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Authority, Rome, > Italy.
> We conducted a 5-year cohort study among 162 self-sufficient residents > in a public home for the elderly in Rome, Italy, to evaluate the > association between the consumption of specific food groups and > nutrients and overall 5-year survival. We used a validated, > semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire to assess diet at > baseline. Individuals consuming citrus fruit at least twice a week had > an adjusted risk of dying that was half that of individuals who > consumed citrus fruit less than once a week [relative risk (RR) = > 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28-0.95] (with adjustment for > gender, age, education, body mass index, smoking status, cognitive > function, and chronic diseases). The adjusted RRs of mortality were > 0.38 (95% CI = 0.14-1.01) for consumption of milk and yogurt at least > three times a week vs less than once a week; 0.21 (95% CI = 0.08-0.35) > for moderate consumption of espresso coffee (1-2 cups weekly) vs less > than once a week; and 0.35 (95% CI = 0.17-0.69) for > 2 cups a week of > espresso coffee vs less than once a week. High levels of intake of > ascorbic acid, riboflavin, and linoleic acid
This is insane, high intake of linoleic acid for longevity ... Yet understandable given the bird case when one doesn't consider the proinflammatory nature of Omega-6. The long lived parrots use Omega-6 in preference to Omega-3 in their mitochondrial membranes because it is far more chemically stable.
> were associated with > 50-60% decreases in mortality risk. High consumption of meat was > associated with a higher risk of mortality (RR = 9.72; 95% CI = > 2.68-35.1) among subjects with chronic diseases. Our findings indicate > that frequent consumption of citrus fruit, milk, and yogurt; low > consumption of meat; and high intake of vitamin C, riboflavin, and > linoleic acid are associated with longevity.
It's obviously a terribly flawed "study." Controls were not properly used, and so there is no way to be sure what the results mean. Also, were the people tested initially to see if they had Mead acid or AA in their cells? Did they all have adequate stomach acid production? And on, and on...
Who would have guessed, when they were being taught science in public school, that scientists can be the most unscientific people in the world?
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